Method of infrared (IR) spectroscopy (devices are Bruker IFS125HR, Nicolet 6700) – registration of vibrational-rotational spectra of substances in gaseous, liquid and solid states by measuring transmitted through the sample or reflected from it continuous infrared radiation. There is the absorption of molecules of the substance of this radiation with the simultaneous excitation of vibrations of molecules. Vibrations of bonds between atoms of molecules occur when dipole moment of these bonds is changing. Spectrum is the dependence of the intensity of the absorption from frequency. It used to obtain information about the structure and properties of the investigated substances and their interaction with each other in the case of appearance of molecular complexes (for example – complexes with hydrogen bond) or clusters. High resolution spectroscopy, up to 0.001 cm-1 (Bruker IFS125HR), serves to study of properties of systems of atmosphere gases of the Earth and to modelling of atmospheric composition of other planets. A source of radiation for such measurements can serve the Sun. The attenuated total reflection accessory (ATR) allows analyzing opaque or high absorbed IR radiation samples, for example, aqueous solutions, powders, polymers, tissue sections and minerals.
Raman spectroscopy (such devices as Nicolet 6700, Horiba LabRam HR800) – method of obtaining vibrational-rotational spectra of gases, liquids, solid states by means of measurement of scattering of laser monochromatic radiation from these samples. The method is based on the Raman effect of which is to change the wavelength of incident radiation due to its interaction with vibrational levels of scattering substance. http://www.nature.com.sci-hub.org/nature/journal/v123/n3089/abs/123050a0.html (http://dx.doi.org.sci-hub.org/10.1038/123050a0). Registration of these changes allows to identify chemical composition of the sample. The presence of different exciting lasers (from 325 nm to 1064 nm) allows to choose radiation source for every investigated system to avoid heating or fluorescence. An usage of built-in microscope allows to obtain spectra of small samples up to 2 microns that is very important in gemology and mineralogy. Raman analysis is nondestructive method that lets to use its in diagnostics and determination of the substances and ingredients in medical, pharmaceutical and medico-legal investigations.
1.1 Selection of sites and profiles
In the AMTS method observations are usually carried out on pickets along profiles, which are prepared before the beginning of work. The profiles are settled down across of geological structures. Distance between profiles and pickets are depended on prospective sizes of geological structures and task of the work. It is more preferable to use distance between pickets smaller, than between profiles. At realization of detailed work it is possible to recommend using of distance between pickets 50-100 m, and between profiles – 100-200 m and more.
1.1 Connection of sensors to the recorder
M-K5-SM25 set consists of the recorder, two symmetric electric lines and two or three magnetic antennae. The sensors should be connected to five channels of the recorder. Channels order is fixed. Channels numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (in the "Arrangement settings" menu, and on the top covers of the recorder and preamplifier they mark as H1, E1, E2, H2 and H3 correspondingly) should be connected to sensors which measure following field components Hх, Ey, Ex, Hу and Hz.
